好快!10天学会180个英语俚语
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DAY 1
A diamond in the rough 有潜质的人或物;璞玉

Axe to grind 生气;找人理论;别有用心

001 A diamond in the rough 有潜质的人或物;璞玉

Don’t look down on her, as she is a diamond in the rough.

别小瞧她,她可是块浑金璞玉。

历史典故

这个俚语的字面意思是“未经打磨的钻石”。众所周知,钻石在未经打磨时只是块不起眼的石头,一旦经过雕琢,便能散发耀眼夺目的光芒。本俚语主要用于形容有潜质和才能,却尚未被人发掘的人或物,相当于中文里“璞玉”的象征。

对话

Kevin: Look at Steven. He is such a nerd.

你看史蒂文,他真是个书呆子。

Rose: Why? He is just addicted to what he likes.

为什么?他只是埋头于自己的兴趣爱好而已。

Kevin: As a result, nobody wants to be close to him.

但这样的话,没人愿意跟他做朋友了。

Rose: Well, in fact, I believe his hardworking in science makes him a diamond in the rough.

我觉得,他一心钻研科学的那股劲儿倒让他成了块璞玉了。

002 A drop in the bucket 微不足道;分量很少

I’m a drop in the bucket and, you know, well—You might lose the vote.

我那一票只是杯水车薪,要知道你可能要输掉选举了。

历史典故

“drop”是一滴、水滴的意思;“bucket”是水桶的意思。桶里的一滴水,和整桶水比起来确实是小数目。就像大家常说的沙漠里的一粒沙子、大千世界的一颗棋子一样,很渺小,微不足道。此句源自《圣经》,原意为“水桶中的一滴水”。对应的汉语还有“沧海一粟”“九牛一毛”。

对话

Kevin: I’d like to do something to change the world, but whatever I do seems like a drop in the bucket.

我很愿意做点什么来改变这个世界,但是无论我做什么都显得微不足道。

Rose: You should not think like this. If everyone makes a little effort, we can make a change to the world.

你不应该这么想。如果每个人都贡献自己的一分力量,我们就能改变世界。

Kevin: Yes, you are right. We also should do our best to appeal to everyone around us.

对,你说得对。我们还应该尽最大努力呼吁身边的每一个人。

003 Apicture is worth a thousand words 百闻不如一见

A picture is worth a thousand words. She is more beautiful than what I heard.

百闻不如一见,她比我听说的还要美。

历史典故

这句话来自汉语。字面直译就是“一张图抵过千言万语”,意思就是对一件事或一个物体,再多的语言描述也不如直观地看见。对应的汉语就是“百闻不如一见,画意能达万言”。

对话

Kevin: I have traveled to Jiuzhaigou Valley recently.

我最近去九寨沟旅游了。

Rose: Wow! The scenery there must be very beautiful.

哇!那儿的风景一定很美。

Kevin: Right. A picture is worth a thousand words. It’s more beautiful than what I imagined.

没错。当真是百闻不如一见,比我想象的还要美。

Rose: I will travel there in the near future.

最近我也要去那儿旅游。

004 A piece of cake 轻而易举的事

A friend might tell you that his new job was “a piece of cake”.

朋友会告诉你他的新工作对他来说就是“小菜一碟”。

历史典故

这句俚语的字面意思就是“一块蛋糕”。西方饮食文化中,像蛋糕这样的甜点是必不可少的,吃一块蛋糕非常容易。因此,就有了这句俚语形容事情很简单。像中文里的“小菜一碟”。

对话

Kevin: Have you passed TOEFL?

你通过托福考试了吗?

Rose: No, I haven’t taken it yet. I think it is too hard for me.

没有,我还没有参加过。我觉得它对我来说太难了。

Kevin: You should have confidence. It is just a piece of cake for you.

你应该有信心才对。托福对你来说简直是小菜一碟。

Rose: Why do you say so?

为什么这么说?

Kevin: I have passed it, and your English is much better than mine.

我都通过了,你的英语水平比我好多了。

Rose: OK, I’ll try.

好吧,我试试。

005 Absence makes the heart grow fonder 小别胜新婚

Cheer up Dude; everybody knows that absence makes the heart grow fonder.

开心点,朋友。大家都知道小别胜新婚的。

历史典故

“absence”是离开的意思,这个俚语的字面意思是“离开却让彼此的心更喜欢”。这个用法最早可追溯到17世纪。刚开始,这个用法并没有为人所了解,直到莎士比亚(William Shakespeare)在《奥赛罗》(Othello)中援引此句才逐渐成为俚语。

对话

Kevin: I see your husband loves you more than before.

我看你丈夫比以前更爱你了。

Rose: I feel so. We haven’t met each other for three months.

我也这样觉得,我们都三个月没见了。

Kevin: I got you. Absence makes the heart grow fonder.

我明白了,小别胜新婚。

Rose: You are right.

对了,就是这样。

006 Achilles’ heel 唯一弱点,致命伤

The Achilles’ heel of the operation of company is a lack of effective supervision and management mechanism.

公司运营的薄弱环节在于缺乏有效的监督和管理机制。

历史典故

这个俚语直译是“阿基里斯(Achilles)的脚后跟”的意思,源于《荷马史诗》(Homeric Epics)所记载的希腊神话故事。因为阿基里斯的母亲想让儿子永远健壮,便捏着他的脚后跟把他在冥河里浸泡。因此阿基里斯浑身刀枪不入,只有脚后跟没有被河水浸泡到,最后被暗箭射中脚后跟,负伤而死。Achilles’heel也叫the heel of Achilles,现在用来表示某人的唯一致命弱点。

对话

Kevin: Would you like a piece of cake?

你要不要块吃蛋糕?

Rose: Oh, I would like to, but I can’t.

哦,我想吃,但是不能吃。

Kevin: For what? Are you losing weight?

为什么啊?你在减肥吗?

Rose: Yes, I am going to attend the beauty contest in September, where the winner can get 1,000 dollar.

嗯,我要参加九月的选美比赛,冠军可以获得1000美元。

Kevin: So you have to overcome your weakness, your Achilles’ heel.

那你必须得克服你的致命弱点了。

007 All hell broke loose 失去控制

After they got drunk, all hell broke loose in the bar.

他们喝醉以后,酒吧里乱成一片。

历史典故

“hell”是地狱的意思,“loose”意思是松的,“All hell broke loose”也就是没人管了,失去控制了。假想一下,如果地狱失去控制了,那还得了?这个俚语最早可追溯到17世纪60年代,著名诗人约翰·米尔顿(John Milton)在其著名诗歌《失乐园》(Paradise Lost)里写下了这句话。

对话

Kevin: Did you hear about the news of the earthquake?

你听说地震的消息了吗?

Rose: Yes. It was really so sad.

是的,真是太悲惨了。

Kevin: It was said that all hell broke loose there. We should do something for the refugees.

据说那里一切都失控了。我们应该为难民做些事情。

Rose: Yes. Let’s go! Hurry up!

是的。我们走,赶快!

008 All that glitters is not gold 金玉其外,败絮其中;勿以貌取人

All that glitters is not gold. Maybe he can play basketball well, though he is short.

人不可貌相。他虽然个子矮,说不定他篮球打得很好呢。

历史典故

“glitter”是闪烁发亮的意思,这个俚语的字面意思是“闪亮的不一定是金子”。这个用法最早可追溯到古拉丁文中,而在莎士比亚的经典著作《威尼斯商人》中,他则使用“glister”来代替“glitter”,但表达的意思都一样。

对话

Kevin: I think I’ll invest a lot of my money in that stock.

我想我会投资很多钱在那只股票上。

Rose: Do you think that’s a good idea?

你觉得那是好主意吗?

Kevin: Many people think it’s going to really increase in value.

许多人都看好它会升值。

Rose: Well, don’t forget that all that glitters is not gold.

看事情别只看外表。

009 An albatross around(one’s)neck 挥之不去的阴影

The mistake will be an albatross around her neck forever.

那个错误是她永远挥之不去的阴影。

历史典故

这个俚语的字面意思是“绑在脖子上的信天翁”。此句源于萨缪尔·泰勒·柯立芝(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)的诗作《老水手之歌》(The Rime of the Ancient Mariner),这首诗创作于1798年,描述了一名船员射杀了一只飞过的信天翁,从此以后,整条船都遭遇了一系列离奇的事件,其他船员觉得肯定是射杀信天翁的船员带来的厄运,于是将信天翁的尸体缠在他的脖子上以驱除厄运。现多指“令人忧虑的事,挥之不去的阴影”。

对话

Kevin: You shouldn’t blame yourself any more. It is not all your fault.

你不应该再自责了,也不全是你的错。

Rose: It is my fault. If I ran faster, the accident wouldn’t happen.

是我的错。我当时要是再跑快点,车祸就不会发生了。

Kevin: You must be painful all these days.

你这些天一定很痛苦吧。

Rose: Yes, the scene is just like an albatross around my neck. I even can’t breathe.

是啊,那一幕在我脑海里挥之不去,我甚至都无法呼吸了。

010 An arm and a leg 非常昂贵;昂贵的代价

The house must have cost her an arm and a leg.

这房子肯定花了她很多钱。

历史典故

这条俚语的字面意思为“一只胳膊和一条腿”。那这跟昂贵的代价有什么关联呢?据说这个说法源于第一次世界大战,军人最重要的就是支撑自己作战的胳膊和腿了。所以,这个俚语后来就用于形容代价很高,或是指“很大很大一笔钱”,它也可以和其他表示“花费”的动词连用。

对话

Kevin: You got a Maserati? The new car is really wonderful!

你买了辆玛莎拉蒂?这车真是太棒了。

Rose: Yeah, the price of it is also wonderful and I really have paid an arm and a leg for it.

是的,它的价格也同样太棒了,我为了它几乎倾尽所有啊。

Kevin: So why do you buy such a expensive car?

那你为什么要买这么贵的车啊?

Rose: Simply because it is cool.

就因为它很酷啊。

Kevin: You are so cool, too.

你也太酷了。

011 Armed to the teeth 全副武装

Being faced with such a fierce battle, every soldier has armed to the teeth.

面对如此惨烈的一场战斗,所有战士都全副武装。

历史典故

“arm”在这并非是胳膊的意思,而是武装的意思。这句俚语的字面意思是“连牙齿都要武装”。可不就是全副武装吗?这句话最早源于17世纪的牙买加海盗,因为这些海盗除了配备刀剑,还会用牙齿咬一把刀,以防万一。

对话

Kevin: Rose, the final examination is coming. How about your preparation for it?

萝丝,期末考试就要到了,你准备得怎么样了?

Rose: I think I have no problem. I have armed to the teeth for it.

我觉得我没有问题。我已经为此全副武装。

Kevin: Yeah, I believe it. You are always doing the best.

是啊,我相信。你总是竭尽全力。

Rose: Thank you. I must get the scholarship of this year.

谢谢你,我一定要拿到今年的奖学金。

012 At death’s door 濒临死亡

Having no water and food for three days, the adventurer is at death’s door.

三天以来没吃没喝,这位探险家已经濒临死亡。

历史典故

这句俚语的字面意思是“在死神门口”。都到阎王殿前了,岂不就是濒临死亡嘛!其实这句话出自《圣经·诗篇》(Psalrus)第107章第18节,其中写道:“They drew near to the gates of death.”(他们濒临死亡。)

对话

Kevin: I hear your grandmother is in hospital.

听说你奶奶住院了。

Rose: Yeas. She is seriously ill.

对,她病得很重。

Kevin: I’m very sorry to hear that.

我很遗憾。

Rose: The doctors believe she’s at death’s door.

医生都认为她将不久于人世。

013 At the drop of a hat 立刻,马上

When he saw the robbery, he called the police at the drop of a hat.

他一看到这起抢劫就立即报了警。

历史典故

这个俚语源于美国西部过去的决斗和赛马之类的比赛,裁判会用扔帽子的形式宣布比赛开始,帽子一旦落地,比赛就正式开始。这个规则延续了很久,后来才用发令枪代替,但这个说法从此流传下来,用来表示“立即、马上”。这个俚语还可以指一个脾气一点就着的人。

对话

Kevin: I was scared when this accident happened.

事情发生时我真是吓坏了。

Rose: So was I.

我也一样啊。

Kevin: Thank goodness that you had called the ambulance at the drop of a hat, or my grandpa would have been in great danger.

谢天谢地,还好你立即叫了救护车,要不然我爷爷可就有生命危险了。

Rose: It’s nothing. Heart attack is really a terrible problem for the old.

这没什么,心脏病对老年人来说真是一个严重的问题。

Kevin: Thank you very much!

非常感谢你。

014 At the eleventh hour 来得早不如来得巧;关键时刻

The criminal was trying to burst the ship, and at the eleventh hour the police came out.

犯罪分子正在试图炸毁整条船,关键时刻警察出现了。

历史典故

英语俚语很多都源于圣经故事,比如这条。《圣经》里有这样一个故事:一个富人雇用了好几名园丁帮自己打理葡萄园,有个园丁一大早就开始干活了,而有一些直到晚上才来,但他们下班的时间和所得的工钱却是一样的。早知如此,晚上十一点来也是一样的。所以这个俚语就比喻正赶上能拿到好处的时候。

对话

Kevin: What’s your problem, Rose? Why are you so depressed?

怎么了,萝丝?为什么这么无精打采的?

Rose: The Iron Man is dead in the Avengers.

《复仇者联盟》里的钢铁侠死了。

Kevin: Have you finished the movie? Iron Man was not dead, because he was saved by American Captain.

你看完整部电影了吗?钢铁侠没死,他被美国队长救了。

Rose: Really? He was obviously hit by a bomb.

真的吗?他明明被炸弹击中了啊。

Kevin: Yeah, but American Captain saved him at the eleventh hour.

是的,但是关键时刻美国队长救了他。

015 At the end of(one’s)rope 忍无可忍

I am at the end of my rope. You have done such a mess of all the work I gave you.

我对你忍无可忍了,我交给你的所有工作你都做得一团糟。

历史典故

其实这个俚语最早的说法是“At the end of(one’s)tether”。“tether”跟“rope”意思相近,都是绳子、锁链的意思。这个用法最早见于17世纪的文献之中,表示到了无法再忍的尽头。

对话

Rose: Oh, god! What has happened with you, Kevin? So much blood is on your face.

哦,天呐,你怎么了,凯文?脸上都是血。

Kevin: I fought with Tom just now, and I almost beat him to death.

我刚才和汤姆打架了,我差点把他打死。

Rose: Why? What’s the problem on earth?

什么?到底怎么回事啊?

Kevin: He had sold my new car without my agreement. I was at the end of my rope with him.

他竟然不经我同意把我的新车给卖了。我对他忍无可忍了。

016 Axe to grind 别有用心;有不同意见

His interest in our venture cannot be sincere, because I know he has an axe to grind.

他对我们企业的兴趣不是真诚的,因为我知道他别有用心。

历史典故

此用法最早于18世纪出于本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)所写的一则故事。富兰克林幼年时,在自家院子里遇到一个带有斧头的陌生人,那人称赞院子里的磨石(grind stone)很好,想看看好不好用,便用花言巧语让富兰克林转动磨石,而他自己在上面磨斧头。

故事寓意:有些人用恭维的话来达到个人目的。因此, have an axe to grind表示“有私心,别有用心”。

对话

Kevin: I can’t believe it that you couldn’t answer the question the teacher raised.

我不相信你回答不了老师提出的问题。

Rose: Of course I could, but I wouldn’t.

我当然会,只是我不想回答。

Kevin: But why?

为什么啊?

Rose: I didn’t want to put him in an awkward situation as the question itself was wrong.

我不想使他难堪,因为问题本身是错的。

Kevin: Oh my god! So you have an axe to grind.

我的天呐,原来你还另有想法。

MEMO

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